Leptospirosis (often referred to as Lepto) is an infectious bacterial disease. It is commonly spread through contact with water or soil contaminated with the urine of infected wildlife, particularly rodents. The bacteria can survive there for weeks or months before entering the body through mucous membranes, in particular those of the eyes, nose, or mouth, or through a cut or scratch.
Much like we see with the common cold, flu and the coronavirus for example, the microbial cause for Leptospirosis has evolved over time, with new strains occasionally appearing in the environment. Due to unique evolution some strains might be more infectious than others. This could mean that they picked up easier, or they are harder to treat, not necessarily that they are more severe - though this can also be the case. If animals are then moved around, when we go on holiday or when we rescue pets from abroad for instance, the new strains can spread to new areas and so become more prevalent overall.
Pharmaceutical companies find themselves locked in an arms race against new strains of old enemies as they try to develop new and more efficient vaccines. In the past, whilst researchers knew other strains existed, it was commonly understood that protection against two particular strains of Leptospirosis was enough for the majority of the population. This led to the production and common use of “Lepto 2” or “L2” vaccinations. However, now researchers are finding that some of the other strains can be found more and more commonly, to the point where simply vaccinating against two strains is no longer sufficient to adequately reduce a dog’s risk of contracting leptospirosis.
Following research which revealed that there is now a new and additional strain in the UK, called Bratislave, the WSAVA (World Small Animal Veterinary Association) decided to review and update their guidelines surrounding recommended vaccination protocols for vets. In line with this change in recommendation and to help protect as many dogs as possible, MSD, the company which manufactures the leptospirosis vaccine we use, have made the decision to stop manufacturing (discontinue) their Lepto 2 (L2) vaccine in favour of their Lepto 4 (L4) vaccine.
What does this mean for you and your pet?
All dogs currently vaccinated with L2 will have to make a transition to L4 at their yearly booster. This will entail two vaccinations, exactly 4 weeks apart. If your pet is currently otherwise up to date with their regular Lepto 2 vaccination, MSD will supply the second vaccination for your pet free of charge.
On the subject of vaccinations, as we have had a large number of puppies visiting us recently (which is absolutely lovely!) we would like to gently remind you of the importance of vaccinating your new family member.
If you have any questions or concerns, please check your pet’s vaccination card and feel free to contact the practice.
Why vaccinations are important
Vaccinations will protect your puppy from life-threatening conditions, including distemper, hepatitis, parvovirus, parainfluenza and as mentioned above, leptospirosis, and the extremely unpleasant illness - kennel cough (known as infection tacheobronchitis). Despite its name, kennel cough is not limited to kennels: it is a hugely infectious airborne disease that spreads when your dog comes into contact with others, such as in kennels, training classes or even at the dog park.
Vaccinating your puppy is a key part of responsible pet ownership. Not only does it protect your puppy from serious and life-threatening diseases, but it also helps protect other animals and the wider community from the spread of contagious illnesses. Please make sure to schedule vaccinations and keep up with boosters for your puppy’s long term health and safety..
Comments